Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) is a severe, sometimes fatal, respiratory disease in humans caused by Sin Nombre Viruses from the family Bunyaviridae. The host of the Sin Nombre virus is the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus). Early symptoms include fatigue, fever and muscle aches, especially in the large muscle groupsthighs, hips, back, and sometimes shoulders. There may also be headaches, dizziness, chills, and abdominal problems, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.

Rabies virus belongs to the order Mononegavirales, viruses with a nonsegmented, negative-stranded RNA genome. Itis a vaccine-preventable, zoonotic, viral disease affecting the central nervous system. Once clinical symptoms appear, rabies is virtually 100% fatal. Dogs are the main source of human rabies deaths, contributing up to 99% of all rabies transmissions to humans. Rabies can be prevented through the vaccination of dogs and the prevention of dog bites. It spreads to people and animals

Brucellosis, also known as Mediterranean relaxation fever, Maltese fever or wave fever, is commonly known as lazy man's disease.It is a bacterial disease caused by variousBrucellaspecies, which mainly infect cattle, swine, goats, sheep and dogs. Humans generally acquire the disease through direct contact with infected animals, by eating or drinking contaminated animal products or by inhaling airborne agents. Brucellosis is found globally and is a reportable disease in most countries. It aff

Anthrax is a rare but serious infectious disease caused by bacteria known asBacillus anthracis. Bacillus anthracis is a Gram-positive and rod-shaped bacterium that causes anthrax, a deadly disease to livestock and, occasionally, to humans. It is the only permanent pathogen within the genus Bacillus. Humans generally acquire the disease directly or indirectly from infected animals, or through occupational exposure to infected or contaminated animal products. Worldwide, the estimated incidenc

Plague is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Yersinia pestis, a zoonotic bacteria, usually found in small mammals and their fleas. It is transmitted between animals through fleas.Plague is a very severe disease in people, particularly in its septicaemic and pneumonic forms, with a case-fatality ratio of 30% to 100% if left untreated. People infected with the plague usually develop acute febrile disease with other non-specific systemic symptoms after an incubation period of one to

Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a member of thePhlebovirusgenus. It is a viral zoonosis that primarily affects animals but can also infect humans. Outbreaks of RVF can have major societal impacts, including significant economic losses and trade reductions. The disease most commonly affects livestock, causing severe illness and abortion in domesticated animals, an important income source for many. The majority of human infections result from direct or indirect contact with the blood or organs of

Nipah virus(NiV) is a member of the familyParamyxoviridae, genusHenipavirus. Itis a zoonotic virus and can also be transmitted through contaminated food or directly between people. Human infections range from asymptomatic infection to acute respiratory infection (mild, severe) and fatal encephalitis. The incubation period (interval from infection to the onset of symptoms) is believed to range from 4 to 14 days. However, an incubation period of as long as 45 days has been reported. The case

Lassa fever virus is a single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the virus family Arenaviridae. It is a zoonotic and acute viral illnessspread by the common African rat. First discovered in 1969 in Lassa, Nigeria, it caused two missionary nurses died. About 80% of people infected with Lassa virus have no symptoms. The incubation period of Lassa fever ranges from 621 days. When it is symptomatic,it is usually gradual, starting with fever, general weakness, and malaise.Death usually occurs withi

Hendra virus (HeV) is a member of the family Paramyxoviridae and one of two virus species in the genus Henipavirus (the other being Nipah virus). Transmission of Hendra virus to humans can occur after exposure to body fluids and tissues or excretions of horses infected with Hendra virus. After an incubation of 9-16 days, infection with Hendra virus can lead to respiratory illness with severe flu-like signs and symptoms. Although infection with Hendra virus is rare, the case fatality is hig

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a group of clinically similar illnesses caused by hantaviruses from the family Bunyaviridae. HFRS includes Korean hemorrhagic fever, epidemic hemorrhagic fever, and nephropathia epidemica. The viruses that cause HFRS include Hantaan, Dobrava, Saaremaa,Seoul, and Puumala. Hantaviruses are carried and transmitted by rodents.Symptoms of HFRS usually develop within 1 to 2 weeks after exposure to infectious material. Initial symptoms begin suddenly